A snapshot of China and India’s energy consumption profiles (2004 figures, from the U.S. Energy Information Administration):

CHINA
Total Energy Consumption 59.6 quadrillion Btus
… of which Coal (69%), Oil (22%), Hydroelectricity (6%), Natural Gas (3%), Nuclear (1%), Other Renewables (0%)
Source page here.

INDIA
Total Energy Consumption 15.4 quadrillion Btus
… of which Coal (53%), Oil (33%), Natural Gas (8%), Hydroelectricity (5%), Nuclear (1%), Other Renewables (0%)
Source page here.

China’s consumption is more than triple India’s reflecting both its relative population and lead in economic development … but the differences stop there. Both are heavily reliant on coal and oil, in that order, with India slightly more focused on natural gas.

(Coal-fired plant image courtesy of www.popsci.com)